How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.
Beforehand propositions assumed that personality was
expressed in people’s physical appearance. One early approach, developed by the
German croaker Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) and known as phrenology, was
grounded on the idea that we could measure personality by assessing the
patterns of bumps on people’s craniums ( Figure12.1, “ Phrenology”). How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.In the Puritanical
age, phrenology was taken seriously and numerous people promoted its use as a
source of cerebral sapience and tone- knowledge. Machines were indeed developed
for helping people dissect craniums (Simpson, 2005). Still, because careful
scientific exploration didn't validate the prognostications of the proposition,
phrenology has now been discredited in contemporary psychology.
Another approach,
known as somatology, supported by the psychologist William Herbert Sheldon
(1898-1977), was grounded on the idea that we could determine personality from
people’s body types ( Figure12.2, “ Sheldon’s Body Types”). Sheldon (1940)
argued that people with further body fat and a rounder constitution
(endomorphs) were more likely to be assertive and bold, whereas thinner people
(ectomorphs) were more likely to be withdrawn and intellectual. How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.As with
phrenology, scientific exploration didn't validate the prognostications of the
proposition, and somatology has now been discredited in contemporary
psychology.
Another approach to detecting personality is known as
physiognomy, or the idea that it's possible to assess personality from facial
characteristics. In discrepancy to phrenology and somatology, for which no
exploration support has been plant, contemporary exploration has plant that
people are suitable to descry some aspects of a person’s character — for case,
How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.whether they're gay or straight and whether they're liberal or conservative —
at over- chance situations by looking only at his or her face (Rule & Ambady,
2010; Rule, Ambady, Adams, & Macrae, 2008; Rule, Ambady, & Hallett,
2009).
Despite these
results, the capability to descry personality from faces isn't guaranteed.
Olivola and Todorov (2010) lately studied the capability of thousands of people
to guess the personality characteristics of hundreds of thousands of faces on
the website What’s My Image? (http//www.whatsmyimage.com). How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.In discrepancy to
the prognostications of physiognomy, the experimenters plant that these people
would have made more accurate judgments about the nonnatives if they had just
guessed, using their prospects about what people in general are like, rather
than trying to use the particular facial features of individualities to help
them. It seems also that the prognostications of physiognomy may also, in the
end, find little empirical support.
Personalities are
characterized in terms of traits, which are fairly enduring characteristics
that impact our geste across numerous situations. How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.Personality traits similar as
introversion, benevolence, meticulousness, honesty, and helpfulness are
important because they help explain density in geste.
The most popular way of measuring traits is by administering personality tests on which people tone- report about their own characteristics. Psychologists have delved hundreds of traits using the tone- report approach, and this exploration has plant numerous personality traits that have important counteraccusations for geste. How does personality contribute to understanding ‘organisational behaviour’? Analyse it with reference to theories of personality and its measurement.You can see some exemplifications of the personality confines that have been studied by psychologists and their counteraccusations for geste in Table12.1, “ Some Personality Traits That Prognosticate Behaviour,”