Discuss the perception of depth and distance
The perception of
depth and distance Depth perception refers to one’s visual ability to perceive
the world in three dimensions and thus enabling us to judge the distance of an
object. Whereas, the process by which we determine the distance of an object is
known as distance perception. Our brain uses both monocular and binocular cues
to judge depth and distance.
Monocular Cues - are
those information or cues that our brain receives from one eye only. These cues
are weaker than binocular cues (information that our brain receives from both
eyes) in strength. Following are some of the common monocular cues
Relative Size - This cue gives us information about the
distance of an object based on its relative size with a similar object. This
cue works on both two-dimensional and threedimensional images. The basic premise
is that if two objects are of the approximately similar size, then the object
which is closer is perceived as larger
Perceptual
processes function in the three‐dimensional organization of stimuli as well as
in distance judgments. The processes include use of both monocular and
binocular cues.
Monocular cues. Monocular cues, those used when looking at objects with one
eye closed, help an individual to form a three‐dimensional concept of the stimulus object. Such
cues include
- size of the stimulus
- interposition, when one stimulus blocks the image of another
- shadows, which indicate distance
- linear
perspective, the convergence of parallel
tracks or lines as they recede into the distance
- texture
changes (distinct bricks are seen
in a near wall but become a pattern with increased distance)
- relative
motion (motion parallax),
used in judging distance (when you are traveling in a car, near objects
seen out the window seem to move rapidly, but far ones don't seem to move)
Discuss the perception of depth and distance How do we know that if a car is coming towards us or moving away from us? Movement perception is our ability to judge the direction and speed of a moving object. Psychologists have tried to answer the questions on movement perception using following four factors: Retinal motion: When an object moves its image on retina also moves. This motion of the retinal image is detected by special visual neurons which are sensitive to change in motion and direction. In this way we perceive movement.
Motion after-effect
(MAE): If you fixate
your gaze on a moving object for some time (few seconds to minutes) and then
move your gaze to a stationary object. Discuss the perception of depth and
distance , Then the stationary object will be perceived as moving in opposite
direction to the original moving object. This phenomenon is known as MAE and
occurs due to motion adaption. Induced movement: When a smaller stationary body
is surrounded by larger moving body then smaller body is perceived to move in
the direction opposite to the larger body. Due to this phenomenon, we perceive
moon as moving when it is surrounded by slowly moving clouds.
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